American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Certification Practice Test

What is the first step in treating a C. diff infection?

1. Start oral vancomycin

2. Stop taking antibiotics

3. Begin IV antibiotics

4. Administer fidaxomicin

The correct answer is: Stop taking antibiotics

The initial step in treating a Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the infection, which is often associated with the use of antibiotics. By stopping the antibiotics that may have contributed to the disruption of normal gut flora, it allows for the possibility of restoring a healthier balance in the intestines. This action not only helps reduce the incidence of C. diff overgrowth but also is crucial for the effectiveness of subsequent treatment options. Once antibiotics are discontinued, further treatment can include specific medications like vancomycin or fidaxomicin based on the severity and recurrence of the infection. However, the pivotal first step is to cease the use of any antibiotics that might be sustaining the C. diff infection. Therefore, stopping antibiotics is both a critical and logical first action in managing this condition.